All the extracts were concentrated using rotary flash. Plants used to control mosquitoes and treat mosquito related diseases in maasailand of longido district, tanzania article pdf available january 2016 with 362 reads how we measure reads. Larvicidal efficacy of leaf extract of two botanicals. Repellency of medicinal plant extracts against dengue vector mosquitoes, aedes albopictus and ae. Knowledge on traditional repellent plants obtained through ethnobotanical studies is a valuable resource for the development of new natural products. Mosquito repellent activity of phytochemical extracts from. The perfect control for mosquitoes would protect us immediately from bites and mosquitoborne diseases, and it would be simple, inexpensive, and safe for the environment. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of twelve plant species, psidium guajava pink fruit. Larvicidal activity of selected plant extracts against the. Larvicidal and repellent activity of medicinal plant. In fact, many researchers have reported the effectiveness of plant extracts against mosquito larvae rasheed et al.
Nepetalactone, the active ingredient present in catnip plant extracts, is known to occur as two isomers. Antimosquito acitvity of leaf extract of neem melia. Mosquito plant geranium how to care for citronella. Mosquito control manages the population of mosquitoes to reduce their damage to human health, economies, and enjoyment. The insecticidal properties of plant alkaloids, such as nicotine, are well known and recent new restrictions on the use of chemical insecticides have stimulated investigations on the insecticidal properties of plant extracts. One of the earliest reports of the use of plant extracts against mosquito larvae is credited to. In the first type, gradual metamorphosis, the immature stage or nymph, looks similar to the adult stage. Larvicidal activity of some plant extracts against mosquitoes. Use of plant extracts as a mosquito repellent and their. Malaria is one of the commonest and major parasitic infections of public health interest in the globe especially in the tropics and subtropics. During experiment dried and powdered samples were extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and 40% ethanol using soxhlet apparatus. The importance, how to, effect causes relationship, comparison, history, role, solutions are discussed.
Thus, innovative vector control strategies like use of phytochemicals as alternate source of insecticidal and larvicidal agents in the fight against. Repellency of medicinal plant extracts against dengue. Pdf larvicidal synergistic activity of plant extracts for mosquito. What state and local mosquito control programs do why is local mosquito control important. All plant extracts showed significant larvicidal activity against a. Potential test of papaya leaf and seed extract carica. Tinospora rumphii leaf extract is the most effective mosquito larvicide which is manifested by the highest percentage mortality on the larvae of 90% and 93%. This plant is marketed as being specifically developed to continually give off a mosquito repelling scent.
May, 2010 asian journal of bio science october, 2010 vol. Bioassay test was carried out on the larvae, and the lc 50 of each extract was determined. Initially, when modern pesticides were first introduced for control of public health pests in the middle of the 20th century, some thought the perfect control had been discovered. The collected plant was identified at cas in botany university of madras, guindy campus, chennai25. Insecticides of plant origin may provide appropriate substitute biocontrol techniques in the future. All plant extracts showed moderate toxic effect on parasites after 24 h of exposure. Issn larvicidal activity of monstera adansonii plant. Mosquito plant, pelargonium citrosum the citrosa plant. Pdf plant extracts as potential mosquito larvicides. Biologically active plant extracts for control of mosquito.
The present study was carried out to investigate the bio control potentiality of active ingredient isolated from chloroform. Screening of methanolic plant extracts against larvae of aedes. Of various plants studied, 29 showed 100% larvicidal activity against the third instar larvae of mosquitoes at varying concentrations of the extract. Vectolex has a low activity against other genera of mosquitoes and is not recommended for control of aedes, psorphora, anopheles, etc. Citrosa is the plant that contains citronella oil, which is in. Larvicidal synergistic activity of plant extracts for mosquito control article pdf available in the indian journal of medical research 821. Citronella plant is commonly found under a number of names, such as citronella plant, mosquito. This member of the mint family boasts health benefits, a. Larvicidal efficacy of medicinal plant extracts against the vector. This has resulted in approximately 25 per cent of currently used drugs being derived from herbal sources. In the present study, the plant extracts exhibited the presence of larvicidal activity table 1 which was a dose dependent effect. It still remains the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in all subsaharan countries up to this day. Vector control is facing a menace due to the appearance of resistance to synthetic insecticides. Some mosquitoes can spread viruses like zika, west nile, and dengue.
All plant extracts showed moderate effects after 24 h and 48 h of exposure. Repellency of aromatic medicinal plant extracts and a steam distillate to aedes aegypti youngcheol yang,t eunhae lee, hoiseon lee,3 dongkyu lee4 and youngjoon ahnr5 abstract the repellent activity of methanol extracts from 23. Antifeedant and larvicidal effects of plant extracts. The authors studied the effect of plant extracts from 36 plant species, belonging to 35 genera of 17 families, on 4th instar larvae of aedes aegypti. Mosquitoes are known to transmit serious diseases, including yellow fever, zika. This study was designed to evaluate the biocontrol efficacy of aqueous and solvent extracts of mature leaves of solanum nigrum l.
Pdf plant extracts as potential mosquito larvicides researchgate. The mosquito larvae were treated with extract by using the method of who. The larvicidal activity of 80% methanol extracts of the first two plant species against the. Us m ay 2012 were obtained from open market ikaika qua and watt market in calabar.
Plantbased repellents have been used for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection measure against hostseeking mosquitoes. In the backdrop of recent revival of interest in developing plantbased insecticides, the present study was carried out to evaluate the larvicidal properties in three medicinal plants growing abundantly in the region of chitheri hills. Their leaves and flowers emit smells that naturally deter mosquitoes and other insects, but are pleasing to people. Pdf larvicidal synergistic activity of plant extracts. Pdf plants used to control mosquitoes and treat mosquito. Get free research paper on production of mosquito repellent insecticides using plant extracts our project topics and materials are suitable for students in nigeria with case studies in pdf, doc.
Plant extracts as potential mosquito larvicides ncbi. Mosquito larvicidal activity of mangrove plant extracts and. Over the past 50 years, experiments have validated its insect repellent activity 7, 8. Plant extracts as potential mosquito larvicides pdf. Larvicidal activities of different crude solvent extracts of six plants are noted and presented in table 1. Evaluation of 15 local plant species as larvicidal agents. Mosquito, any of approximately 3,500 species of familiar insects in the family culicidae of the order diptera that are important in public health because of the bloodsucking habits of the females. Thus, newly hatched first instar larvae were treated, and the mortality count was recorded daily till pupation accumulated. Plasmodium spp, the vector mosquito has to be controlled. The mosquito plant, pelargonium citrosum, also called the citrosa plant or citronella scented geranium, is highly recommended for keeping mosquitoes away. The antimosquito properties of extracts from flowering.
The importance of plants led to research into citronella mosquito repellent plants. Mosquito repellent activity of phytochemical extracts from peels of citrus fruit species. Plant anatomy research centre, tambaram, chennai, india in the month of may 2014 and registered as parc20142075. Different plant parts are extracted for their use as mosquito codes. Product labels it is very important to read the label before using any mosquito repellent and remember the.
When growing mosquito plant geranium indoors, keep it watered and fertilize occasionally with an all purpose plant food. The plant leaves were washed with tap water and shade dried at room temperature periyanayagam et al. Ethnobotanical study of some of mosquito repellent plants. Here, we have used the green method for synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles.
Mosquito control activities reduce all types of mosquitoes. Ethanolic extract of centella asiatica leaves were evaluated for the larvicidal and adult. Extracts of annona species are potential antimosquito. Larvicidal efficacy of medicinal plant extracts against. The plant leaves of melia azedarach and carica papaya were collected from keelarakollai at kancheepuram district. Change in shape occurs in two different ways, depending on the kind of insect. Most of the mosquito control programs target on the larval stage in. To control mosquitoes effectively longterm, you need to use several complementary management techniques, including. Vectolex is recommended for control of culex mosquito larvae. Extracts of selected flowering plants, which are considered ecofriendly, are used for the treatment of numerous ailments and vector control worldwide.
Use of plant extracts as a mosquito repellent and their insecticidal properties meenu singh deptartment of bioscience, barkatullah university, bhopal m. Shows the lethal concentration value lc50 12 hour testing period is. Citronella plant typically grows anywhere between 2 and 4 feet. Larvicidal and adult emergence inhibition effect of centella asiatica. Additionally, aloe plant extracts tested as alternative larvicides for mosquito control, application of these extracts to larval habitats may lead to promising results in malaria and mosquito. Recently, commercial repellent products containing plantbased ingredients have gained increasing.
The use of plant repellents against nuisance biting insects is common and its potential for malaria vector control requires evaluation in areas with different level of malaria endemicity. The botanical extracts from the plant leaves, roots, seeds, flowers, and bark in their crude form have been used as conventional insecticides for centuries. Mosquito repellents 2 these repellents are available that differ in the amount of active ingredient, which is the substance that actually repels the mosquito. Aloe plant extracts as alternative larvicides for mosquito. Lethal concentration calculation results of papaya seed extracts against anopheles larvae, sp the data in table 5. A study on the larvicidal activity of some medicinal plant extracts. Ijmrk2 the role of botanicals as green pesticides in. Larvicidal activity of phytosteroid compounds from leaf extract. Adulticidal and larvicidal efficacy of some medicinal. An ethnobotanical study was conducted at moshi in kilimanjaro region. Among these, the plant species and plant parts used significantly influence the efficacy of botanical mosquitocides.
The dried plant was powdered and sieved to get fine powder using an electric blender. Mosquito control is a vital publichealth practice throughout the world and especially in the tropics because mosquitoes spread many diseases, such as malaria and the zika virus mosquitocontrol operations are targeted against three different problems. Originally used as a perfume, essential oils and extracts from cintronella plants are so effective at keeping mosquitos away that theyre now a goto ingredient for many commercial repellents. The essential oils of ocimum suave and ocimum kilimandscharicum were evaluated against malaria vectors in northeastern tanzania. A screening for larvicidal activity of plant extracts with some known medicinal attributes could lead to the discovery of new agents for pest and vector control. Extraction was carried out using soxhlet apparatus. In the present study the silver ag and gold au nanoparticles nps were synthesized by using the aqueous bark extract of indian spice dalchini cinnamomum zeylanicum c. Ten larvae of aedes aegypti were introduced in different test concentration of both plant extracts along with a set of control containing distilled water without any test solution. The use of plants offers a safer and cheaper way for mosquito control, and it is shown that plants extracts and plant metabolites exhibit insecticidal activity against several mosquitoes such as. Harmful effects of using synthetic chemical insecticides in mosquito control including vector resistance, environmental pollution and health hazards have. The residual products listed below have restrictions imposed by the maryland department of the environment prohibiting their use in water inhabited. For the preparation of extracts, approximately 20 gms of plant material leaf, flower, fruit, dry seed, and whole plant were taken and ground in a homogenizer using. Mosquito prevention and control involves a basic understanding of their life cycle. These plant extracts are easy to prepare, inexpensive and safe for mosquito control which possess enough potential in larvicide and adulticide can be used directly as larvicidal and adulticidal agents in small volume.
Additionally, we have used these synthesized nanoparticles for mosquito control. Other mosquitoes bother people, but dont spread viruses. The insecticidal effects of plant extracts depend upon the plant species, mosquito species, geographical varieties, plant parts used, extraction methodology adopted and the polarity of solvents used during extraction. The best mosquito repelling plants for your garden are lavender, marigolds, citronella grass, catnip, rosemary, basil, scented geraniums and more. Extracts from different parts of the same species of plant can exhibit various degrees of toxicity to mosquitoes. These products are available as sprays, wipeons, sticks, foams, and lotions. Effect of monstera adansonii on 4th instar larvae of culex quinquefasciatus. Issn 23207078 larvicidal activity of lantana camara. Sanitation removing food, water, and shelter habitat disruption draining the water where mosquitoes breed biological control using mosquito fish, nematodes, and bacillus thuringiensis israeliensistoxin and. A control solution was prepared with tap water using acetone and tween. Study of citronella mosquito repellent plants in tubman. Larvicidal and adulticidal effects of extracts from some indigenous. While there are a number of plants that keep mosquitoes away, one of the most effective plants for repelling mosquitoes is the citrosa not to be confused with the scented citronella geranium plant. Studies on the control of mosquito, aedes aegypti and.
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